Car-roof.



C. C. MURPHY.

CAR ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26. I913.

?atented 311116 2(5, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

C. c. MURPHY.

CAR ROOF.

Patented June 26, 1917.

2 SHEETS SHEET 2.

CLINTON C. EUEPHY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO P. H. MURPHYCOMPANY, OF PABNASSUS, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CABrBOOF.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 26, 1%17.

Applicationfild May 26, 1913. Serial No. 769,807.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I CLINTON C. MURPHY, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and Stateof Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Car-Roofs, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates particularly to wooden sheathed roofs providedwith a water and fire-proof covering of metal plates. Such roofs arecommonly referred to as outside metal roofs, and are largely used onfreight cars.

The object of this invention is the production of a serviceable andcheap part-cylindrical or circular roof, as distinguished from a doublepitch roof which has two flat sides slopin from the ridge to the eavesof the car. A f u tion is the provision of means for securing the metalroof sheets and the running boards and their supports in place upon thetop of a car without interfering with the slight movements of the roofsheets necessary to enable them to accommodate themselves to theconstantly changing shape and position of the roof substructure when thecar is in service. A further object of this invention is the provisionof means for attaching the roof sheets and parts associated therewith tothe roof substructure in such manner as to prevent the entrance of waterinto the car at the point of attachment.

With the foregoing objects in view, this invention consists in a circleor continuously curved car roof, and in a supporting frameworkparticularly adapted for a curved roof; and furthermore in anarrangement of carlines, purlins and roof sheathing constituting atrussed arched supporting framework for a car roof. The in vention alsoconsists in a roof framework adapted for supporting a variety of shapesof continuously curved roofs on double pitch carlines of ordinary typeand standard dimensions. The inventlon also consists in the form andarrangement of the metal covering plates, or roof sheets as they arecommonly termed, and in the means for securing the roof sheets upon theroof sheathing whereby they are positively located in lace thereon attheir centers and free to move slightly thereon elsewhere, especiallyalong their sides and near their ends. The invention consists further inthe means for rther object of this inven-- preventing ingress of waterinto the car around the edges of the roof sheets, and through the pointsof attachment of the roof sheets and running board supports to the roofsubstructure.

Other objects and details of the invention appear in connection with thedescription of the freight-car roof shown in the accompanying drawings,which is constructed in accordance therewith; and the novel andcharacteristic features of the invention, irrespective of the forms inwhich they may appear, are more fully pointed out in the appendedclaims.

In the drawings, in which like characters wherever they appearthroughout the several views designate the same parts of the structure,Figure l is a top plan view of the end of the car, with the roof sheetsand running boards partly removed to disclose the roof sheathing andsupporting frame members comprising the roof substructure; F ig. 2 is atransverse sectional view of the car roof, following the line 22 of Fig.1, showing a carline and end plate of the car in side elevation; Fig. 3is a sectional view to a larger scale,'on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,showing the ridge portion of the roof at the point of attachment of aroof sheet, the securing bolt being shown partly in elevation; Figs. 4and 5 are enlarged longitudinal sectional views of the car roof at theridge of the car, on the lines 4- 1: and 55 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is anenlarged transverse sectional view of the eaves of the car on the line6-6 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 7 is a similar sectional view on the line 7-7 ofFig. 1, showing a modified form of roof sheet and flashing strip.

In the car roof illustrated in the drawings, the carlines 11 are ofmetal, approximately T-shape in cross-section, arranged across the carat intervals of three feet or so from end to end thereof. The ends ofthe carlines are bolted or otherwise secured to the side plates 12,which are notched to receive them.

The carlines are double pitch carlines of ordinary type, that is, theyare straight except for a bend at the middle to give them pitch. The twoends of each carline are straight and slope with the pitch of the rooffrom near the ridge of the car to the eaves, where they are supported onthe side plates. A ridge pole 13 extends from end to end of the car overthe middles of the carlines, to which it is bolted, and is secured atits ends in the end plates 14. Purlins 15, two on each side of the ridgepole, likewise extend. from end to end of the car over the tops of thecarlines and are securely bolted thereto. The top faces of the sideplates, purlins and ridge pole are shaped to conform to a vertical arcspanning the car from side to side and springing from the upper outercorners of the side plates. The curvature of this are is made to conformto the desired contour and slope or pitch of the roof. The thick-SlOPQ'IIlGdSUX'Ed in the ratio of the vertical rise of the roof withrespect to one half of the distance between the eaves of the car,whereby the same carline may be used for roofs diflering'in curvatureand pitch.

The roof sheathing 16 is nailed upon the tops of the side plates,purlins and ridge poles, the boards being arranged diagonally across thecar and bent to conform to the shape of the roof. The diagonalarrangement of the boards results in a stifl'er roof horizontally thanone wherein the boards run either straight across the roof from side toside of the car or lengthwise thereof parallel to the ridge pole,because the diagonal roof boards brace the roof structure against forcestending to twist it out of square. Moreover, it is easier to bend theboards to the curve of the roof where they are arranged diagonally,because the boards are longer and the curvature of each board is not asgreat as where they run straight across the roof from side to side ofthe car.

The effect of the combination of double pitch carlines with the curvedsheathing extending across the car from side plate to side plate is tostiffen the roof vertically. The sheathing boards, purlins (includingthe ridge pole), and carlines together form an arched truss, of whichthe sheathing boards and carlines constitute the top and bottom chordmembers, respectively.

The roof sheets 17 are galvanized sheet metal, .usually low-carbonsteel, having some flexibility. They are long enough to extend fromcaves to caves, and are arranged side by side on top of the roofsheathing the full length of the car. Their ends 18 are turned under andpreferably are hooked into the rebent flanges 19 of the flashing strips20 which are nailed along the eaves of the car from end to end thereof,and which may extend also across the ends of the car if desired.

The side margins of the roof sheets are flanged up and the edges turneddown to form hollow upstanding flanges. On one side ofthe sheet the edgeis turned in and terminates above the main part of the roof sheet. ()nthe other side of the sheet the aaenoae edge is turned out and doubledunder to inclose the inturned edge of an adjacent sheet, as shown inFig. 5, thereby forming a flexible water-tight seam 21 between the tworoof sheets. These flanges are formed before the sheets are assembled on.the roof, and in assembling the sheets they are slipped endwise intoengagement and then dro ped in place on the roof substructure. Theflashing strips 20 are easily engaged with the turned-under ends of theroof sheets by lifting the ends of the sheetsafter they have beenassembled on the roof substructure. The ends of the seams 21 are coveredby hood caps 22, secured to the car'sides, to keep water from enteringthe car at these points. 7/ The hood caps also prevent the roof sheetsfrom being blown ofl the roof in case the flashing strips are not strongenough to hold them down. The end roof sheets are loosely secured bymeans of angle clips 23 which are nailed to the ends of the cam-andwhich project over the side margins of the end sheets. Similar clips 24are fastened to the sides of the car near its ends, and these clipsoverlie the end sheets near their corners, as shown in Fig. 7

The roof sheets are securely fastened to the roof substructure at theridge by means of bolts 25 passing through central holes 26 in theupwardly projecting bossed portions 27 at the center of each sheet.These holes 26 are larger than the bolts, and are surrounded byupstanding flanges 28. Beneath the roof sheet bosses are placed sheetmetal pivot plates 29 loosely fitting therein, and the pivot plates haveupwardly flanged central holes'30 snugly fitting around the bolts 25.The bolts 25 are provided with collars 31 surrounding the flanges 26 ofthe holes in the roof sheets to prevent entrance of water into the carat these points.- The flanges 30 on the pivot plates prevent water whichmay find its way between the collars of the bolts and the roof sheetflanges from following the bolt hole into the car.

The running boards 32 are nailed or otherwise secured to and supportedon saddles 33 which rest directly on the roof sheets, and which aresecured in place by the bolts 25. The saddles 33 are recessed on theirunder sides to clear the bosses 27 in the centers of the roof sheets.The running boards are also nailed to and supported on saddles 3t whichare arranged intermediate the saddles 33 and merely rest on the roofsheets without being secured to the roof substructure. The saddles 34are grooved longitudinally on their under sides to straddle theupstanding hollow seams 21. At the ends of the car running boards arecarried on brackets secured to the ends of the car below the end fasciaboard or flashing strip.

It is evident from the above description that a circle car roof built inaccordance with this invention is much stitfer than a menses.

double pitch roof on account of the curving of the roof boardsdiagonally across the framework from one side plate to the other; alsothe roof sheets are pivotally secured on the sheathing in such away aswholly to prevent their creeping on the roof, but to permit of theirmoving suiiiciently to accommodate themselves to any ordinary distortionof the car frame; and, furthermore, the entrance of Water into the car,either at the points of attachment of the roof sheets and running boardsupports or around the margins of the sheets, is entirely prevented.Moreover, the only points where the roof sheets are clamped by metalparts which might wear ofi' the galvanizing and thus I result in rustingout the sheets are the middle points of the sheets, and according tothis invention, at these points there is practically no movementwhatever of the sheets with respect to the clamping means; consequently,there is no place where the roof sheets are more subject to wear andpossible failure from this cause than elsewhere, and

the life of the roof is thereby prolonged.

Althoughthe car roof shown in the accompanying drawings has beendescribed as a typical embodiment of this invention, the

invention is not restricted in' all of its parts in the segmental to carroofs of the type shown.

What I claim asmy invention is as follows:

'1. The combination in a car of transverse sheathing forming a curvedarch extending from side plate to side plate and secured thereto, saidsheathing being supported on a frame work consisting of carlines formingone or more chords of the arch, and purlins supported on the carlinesin'the segmental space between said carlines and sheathing, thethickness of the respective purlins conforming t0 the depth of thesegmental space adjacent thereto whereby their top faces conform to thecurved undersurface of the sheathing.

2. The combination in a car of transverse sheathing forming a'curvedarch extending diagonally from side plate to side plate and supported ona frame work consisting of carlines forming one or more chords of thearch, and purlins supported on the carlines lines and sheathingythethickness of the respective purlins conforming to the depth of thesegmental space adjacent thereto whereby their top faces conform to thecurved under surface of the sheathing, and fastenings for rigidlyconnecting the sheathing. and the side plates and purlins.

3. A car roof arched to a continuous curve and supported-on a frameconsisting of side plates and purlins, double pitch carlines secured tothe side plates and purlins, the purlins projecting above the carlinesand having their top faces-conforming to the curve of space between saidcar the roof, and continuous roof members bent "t6 the curvature of theroof extending across plates, double pitch carlines secured to the sideplates, and purlins supported by the carlines, the vertical thickness ofthe purlins and side plates being such that their top faces lie in acurved surface parallel to the contour of the roof, and roof sheathingsecured to said side plates andpurlins, said roof sheathing comprisingroof boards crossing the car diagonally from side plate to side plate.

5. A car having a roof covering consisting of roof sheets extending fromeaves to eaves in upwardly curved arcs, the side margins of said sheetsbeing continuous and flanged and self-interlocking to form flexiblewaterproof seams between adjacent sheets, said'seams extending fromeaves to eaves without interruption, and means at the ends of said roofsheets cooperating therewith for securing said sheets upon the roofsubstructure, and preventing entrance of water 1nto the car under theends of said sheets, said meansbeing adapted to permit lengthwise andsidewise movement of said sheets.

6. A car roof having a roof covering consisting of roof sheets extendingfrom eaves to'eaves in upwardly curved arcs, the side margins of saidsheets being continuous and flanged up and rebent in the shape ofinverted channels, said channels of adjacent sheets being superposed andforming loose joints or-seams between adjacent sheets, said seamsextending from eaves to eaves without interruption, the ends of saidsheets be' ing hooked under and engaging flashing strips which aresecured along the eaves on top of the car for movably securing saidsheets upon the roof substructure and preventing entrance of water intothe car underthe ends of said sheets. V

7. A pivotal securing means for a metal roof sheet provided with a holel1 Wing an upturned periphery, said securing means comprising a partsmaller than the hole in the roof sheet and adapted to pass through thesame,'a collar projecting from said securing means and having adownturned periphery adapted to embrace the upturned periphery of saidroof sheet hole, and a loose member adapted to engage the under side ofsaid roof sheet and having an upturned flange fitting said securingmember within the downturned periphery of said collar.

' 8. A pivotal securing means for a metal roof sheet provided with ahole having an upturned periphery, said securing means comprising a partsmaller than the hole in the roof sheet and adapted to pass through thesame, a collar projecting from said securing means and having adownturned periphery adapted to embrace the upturned periphery of saidroof sheet hole, and a loose member adapted to engage the under side ofsaid roof sheet and having a central hole fit- 10 ting said securingmember, said loose mem her and roof sheet being formed with bossesconcentric with said securing member and adapted to meet together toprevent relative lateral movement of the roof sheet with respect to thesecuring member.

CLINTON C, i: PHY.

